Tài liệu ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh - Trường THPT Thiên Hồ Dương

Tài liệu ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh - Trường THPT Thiên Hồ Dương

1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:( Thì hieän taïi ñôn )

 S + VERB ( S, ES )

 S + VERB ( S, ES ) + OBJECT

+ To show the truth , everyday habits , naturals , present actions ( Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi )

 Ex: The sun rises in the east.

+ Expressions often used are: always , usually , often , frequently , sometimes , seldom , rarely, never, now ,

these days , today , nowadays , every day/ night/ afternoon/week/ month/ year , once a week

 Ex: She always goes to church on Sundays .

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE ( To be + ving ) (Thì hieän taïi tieáp dieãn )

 S + ( AM / IS / ARE ) + V-ing + OBJECT

+ To show things that are happening over a long period time .(Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi )

 Ex : They are watching the football match on TV now.

+ Expressions often used are: at the moment , at the present time . now , right now , presently

+ Present continuous is often used in the following structures

 Ex: Keep silent! The baby is sleeping.

 Ex: Be careful! The bus is coming.

3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ( Thì hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh )

 S + HAS / HAVE + V3 / Ved

+ To express an action that happened in the past and continues to the present ( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù vaø coøn tieáp tuïc ñeán hieän taïi )

 Ex: We have studied English for six years.

+ To express an action that happened in the past but the time is indefinite. ( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù nhöng thôøi gian khoâng xaùc ñònh )

 Ex: I have seen that film before.

+ Expressions often used ; sofar , up to now , until now , already. never , ever , recently , just , for , since.

Note : S + HAS / HAVE + V3 / Ved + SINCE + S + V2 / ed

 Ex: I have known Mary since she was a baby.

 

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	LESSON 1: TENSES ( Thì )
1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:( Thì hieän taïi ñôn )
 S + VERB ( S, ES )
	S + VERB ( S, ES ) + OBJECT
+ To show the truth , everyday habits , naturals , present actions ( Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi )
	Ex: The sun rises in the east.
+ Expressions often used are: always , usually , often , frequently , sometimes , seldom , rarely, never, now ,
these days , today , nowadays , every day/ night/ afternoon/week/ month/ year , once a week 
	Ex: She always goes to church on Sundays .
2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE ( To be + ving ) (Thì hieän taïi tieáp dieãn )
 S + ( AM / IS / ARE ) + V-ing + OBJECT
+ To show things that are happening over a long period time .(Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi )
 	Ex : They are watching the football match on TV now.
+ Expressions often used are: at the moment , at the present time . now , right now , presently
+ Present continuous is often used in the following structures
	Ex: Keep silent! The baby is sleeping.
	Ex: Be careful! The bus is coming. 
3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ( Thì hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh )
 S + HAS / HAVE + V3 / Ved
+ To express an action that happened in the past and continues to the present ( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù vaø coøn tieáp tuïc ñeán hieän taïi )
	Ex: We have studied English for six years.
+ To express an action that happened in the past but the time is indefinite. ( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù nhöng thôøi gian khoâng xaùc ñònh )
	Ex: I have seen that film before.
+ Expressions often used ; sofar , up to now , until now , already. never , ever , recently , just , for , since.
Note : S + HAS / HAVE + V3 / Ved + SINCE + S + V2 / ed 
	Ex: I have known Mary since she was a baby.
4. SIMPLE PAST TENSE ( Thì quaù khöù ñôn )
 S + V2 / ed + OBJECT
+ To show things which happened and ended.( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù )
	Ex: I studied well last year.
+ Expressions often used ; yesterday, last week / month / year, ago,time in the past.
5. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE ( Thì quaù khöù tieáp dieãn )
 S + Was / Were + V-ing + Object
+ To show things which were happening at a time or during a period of time in the past ( Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra ôû moät thôøi ñieåm xaùc ñònh trong quaù khöù ) 
	Ex: At this time yesterday morning, I was playing chess with John.
	Ex: We were doing home work at 8 p.m yesterday.
A / When + S + V2 / ed , S + Was / Were + V-ing.
	Ex: When he came, they were cooking dinner.
B / As + S + Was / Were + V-ing , S + V2 / ed
	Ex: As it was raining, I left home.
C / S + Was / Were + V-ing + While + S + Was / were + V-ing
	Ex: I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking lunch.
6. PAST PERFECT TENSE ( Thì quaù khöù hoaøn thaønh )
 S + HAD + V3 / Ved 
+ To show things which happened before a point of time in the past ( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra tröôùc moät thôøi ñieåm trong quaù khöù )
	Ex: He had left England for France before 1990.
+ To show things which happened before another thing in the past ( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra tröôùc haønh ñoäng khaùc trong quaù khöù )
A / S + HAD + V3 / Ved + BEFORE + S + V2 / ed
	Ex: They had phoned me before they came here.
B / S + V2 / ED + AFTER + S + HAD + V3 / VED
	Ex: I went to school after I had had breakfast.
7. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE ( Thì töông lai ñôn )
 S + WILL + V(bare infinitive)
+ To show things which will happen in the future
	Ex: We will visit Ha Long Bay next week.
+ Expressions often used are tomorrow , next week / month / year , tomorrow night , next summer
8. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE ( Thì töông lai tieáp dieãn )
 S + WILL BE + V-ing
+ To show things which will happen at a time or during a period of time in the future ( Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng seõ ñang xaûy ra ôû moät thôøi ñieåm xaùc ñònh trong töông lai )
	Ex: We will be playing badminton at 9:00 a.m tomorrow.
9. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE ( Thì töông lai hoaøn thaønh )
 S + WILL + HAVE + V3/ed 
+ To show an action which will be completed before a certain point in future time.
 ( Moät haønh ñoäng seõ hoaøn thaønh tröôùc moät thôøi ñieåm nhaát ñònh trong töông lai )
	Ex: By the end of this year, I will have been there for 10 years.
10. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE ( Thì töông lai hoaøn thaønh tieáp dieãn )
 S + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + V-ing 
+ To show an continuous action which at a given time will be in the past.
	( Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù keùo daøi ñeán moät thôøi ñieåm cho tröôùc trong töông lai )
Ex: By the end of this school year, I will have been teaching at Chu Van An High School for 9 years.
11. BE GOING TO is used to express intention in the future, or something is going to happen in the near future. ( Töông lai gaàn )
	Ex: I am going to buy a house this summer.
	Ex: Look ! It is going to rain.
***
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT
1. Singular verb
- Chủ ngữ số ít ( hoặc danh từ không đếm được)
	EX: 	Milk is good for health
- Hai chủ từ nối với nhau bằng “ and” nhưng có cùng ý tưởng hoặc chỉ một người.
	EX: 	Love and to be loved is the happiest thing on the earth.
 	My best friend and adviser, Tom , is coming tonight.
- Chủ ngữ là hai danh từ khác nhau nối với nhau bằng “and” nhưng trước mỗi danh từ có each hoặc every.
	EX: 	Each boy and each girl has a book.
- Chủ ngữ là các đại từ phiếm chỉ ( everybody, somebody, nobody, something, )
	EX: 	Nothing was seen last night because of the darkness.
- Chủ ngữ là: Tiền, Thời gian, Khoảng cách hoặc Số lượng.
	EX: 	Twenty dollars is too much to pay for such a shirt.
 	Four weeks is a long time to wait for you.
- Chủ ngữ là mệnh đề hay danh động từ ( gerund).
	EX: 	Swimming is good for health.
 	That you get very high grades in school is necessary. 
- Chủ ngữ là các danh từ trừu tượng. ( knowledge, beauty,), môn học ( physics, mathematics,), căn bệnh ( meales, mumps, ) hoặc các danh từ như: news, funiture, work, 
	EX: 	The funiture is more expensive than we thought.
2. Plural verb
- Chủ ngữ số nhiều. 
	EX: 	They are students.
- Chủ ngữ là hai danh từ nối với nhau bằng “and”.
	EX: 	Nam and Ba are brothers.
 	Water and oil don’t mix.
- Chủ ngữ là: The + Adjective
	EX: 	The rich are not always happy.
- Chủ ngữ là các danh từ tập hợp ( people, police, cattle,)
	EX: 	The police have arrested the thieves.
- Chủ ngữ là: A few, both, many + noun
	EX: 	A few books were lost yesterday.
3. Singular or pluar verb.
- Chủ ngữ là hai danh từ nối với nhau bằng “or”, “neither nor”, “eitheror”, hoặc “not onlybut also” thì động từ được chia theo danh từ thứ hai.
	EX: 	Neither he nor his friends were at school yesterday.
- Chủ ngữ là hai danh từ nối với nhau bằng “with”, “as well as”, hoặc “ together with” thì động từ chia theo danh từ thứ nhất
	EX:	 The director as well as his staff has to learn English.
- Chủ ngữ là một cụm từ có giới từ thì động từ chia theo dand từ đứng trước giới từ.
	EX: 	The picture of soldiers has been sold.
- Chủ ngữ là: “The munber of + noun” thì động từ chia số ít
	EX: 	The number of students in this class is small.
- Chủ ngữ là: “A munber of + noun” thì động từ chia số nhiều.
	EX: 	A number of students were absent yesterday.
- Chủ ngữ là “ There + be + noun” thì động từ “be” chia theo danh từ(noun)
	EX: 	There is a fly in this room
 	There are a lot of people here.
LESSON 2 
 INFINITIVE AND GERUND
I / GERUND : ( danh ñoäng töø ) ( V + ING )
 Ways of Use : 
	1. Subject of a sentence 	
	 Ex: Reading the story of Kieu is interesting .
	2. Complement of To Be after Subject of Thing + To Be 
 	Ex : My hobby is fishing .
	3. After Prepositions 
	 	Ex : She is interested in learning English . 
	4. After some verbs : admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay /postpone/ defer, deny, discuss, dislike, detest / hate, enjoy, escape, keep, mind, miss, , practise, prevent, prefer, resit,resist, cease, finish, suggest,
	Ex: He avoids meeting me.
	5. After some Verbs + Object Combinations 
	 	Ex: We saw the thief entering the house.
	 	Or He spent five hours doing his task. 
	6. In some other structures :
	 It’s no good / use, there is no point, what’s the point of, what about , be worth, be busy, look forward to, be used to / be accustomed to / get used to, can’t help, can’t bear, can’t stand 
	Ex: It is no use saying that
	 I am used to getting up early.
II / THE INFINITIVE ( TO + VERB )
TO – INFINITIVE
 1 Subject of the sentence ( Chuû töø cuûa caâu )
	Ex : To help her is my duty.
want
ask
tell
request + O + To - infinitive
order
beg
	EX: He tells me to send this letter.
decide, plan / intend
tend, claim / demand
desire / wish, fail
hope, hesitate 	 + to - infinitive
want, pretend
agree, refuse
axpect, 
	EX: Mary learned to swim when she was young.
be
look
seem	+ adjective + to - infinitive
feel
* Adjectives: After some ADJEATIVES of Feeling or Attitudes
	afraid	foolish	pleased	disappointed 	sorry
	angry	fortunate	qualified	prepared	 lucky
	eager	glad	ready	likely	proud
	Ex : The party is ready to serve.
	EX: I’m glad to see you again.
 5 After the verb TO BE
	Ex : We are to pass the next exam.
 6 After Noun ( Infinitive of Purpose ) : TO / IN ORDER TO / SO AS TO + V(bare infinitive )
	Ex : There are lots of things to do today.
	Ex : He studies hard so as to pass the entrance examination.
- BARE – INFINITIVE
1. After modal verbs: can, may, must, 
	EX: I must go home now.
2. After had better, would rather, do nothing but.
	EX: He did nothing but complain about his life.
 You’d better stay at home today.
+ O + V(bare-inf.)
3.	Make
	Let
	EX: The clowns made them laugh a lot last night.
III. VERB FOLLOWED BY EITHER INFINITIVE OR GERUNDS
 * Without changing in meaning 
begin	V-ing
continue +
 start,	 to - inf
	Ex : It began to rain when I went to school.
	 Or It began raining when I went to school.
- Verbs of perception
see	V- ing
hear
taste	 + O +
smell
notice	bare – inf
	EX: I saw Mary walking in th park yesterday.
	Or I saw Mary walk in the park yesterday.
* With changing in meaning : thay ñoåi nghóa )
 - LIKE
	V-ing (sở thích )
	Like + 
 	To – inf ( thích vì nghĩ rằng nó tốt)
	Note: would like + to- inf; feel like + V-ing (ước có ) = wish for	
	EX: I like fishing.
	 	 I like to do my job well.
 - TRY	 
	V-ing (thử )
	Try + 
 	To – inf ( cố gắng)
	EX: I tried borrowing some money from John but he refused
	I tried to do my test well.
 - STOP
	V-ing (ngừng, thôi không làm nữa )
	Stop + 
 	To – inf ( ngừng lại để)
 	EX: - Stop talking.
 	 - Stop to talk.
 - REMEMBER, FORGET, REGRET
	Remember	 V-ing (V đã xãy ra trước remember, f ... husband didn’t love her. 
20. a. NO MATTER HOW + ADJ / ADV + S + V
 b. NO MATTER WHAT + S + V
 c. NO MATTER WHERE + S + V	
	Ex : It doesn’t whether you are busy or not, he always insits on coming with you.
	=> No matter how busy you are or not, he always insits on coming with you.
	Ex :Wherever he’s hiding, we must find him. We must find him wherever he is hiding.
21. S + V + SO + ADJ / ADV + THAT– CLAUSE
	Ex : I am very busy. I have no time to visit you I am so busy that I have no time to visit you.
22. S + V + SUCH ( A/AN ) + ADJ + NOUN + THAT _ CLAUSE
	Ex : He asked me such difficult questions that I couldn’t answer them.
Ex : Tea is very hot. They couldn’t drink it. It is such hot tea that they couldn’t drink it. 
Ex : She is very kind . Everybody loves her. She is such a kind girl that everybody loves her. 
23. S + V + SO MANY + Plural Countable NOUN + THAT – CLAUSE
	 	 SO MUCH + Singular Uncountable NOUN	
	Ex : He has so many books that he can’t read all of them.
	Ex : There was so much noise that I couln’t sleep.
24. IT + BE + NOT UNTIL  THAT - CLAUSE = cho ñeán  môùi
	Ex : He didn’t become a doctor until 1990.
	=> It was not until 1990 that he became a doctor.
	Ex She won’t get married until 2008.
	=> It is not until 2008 she will get married.
25. S + V + NOT ONLY + NOUN	 + BUT ALSO + NOUN
	 ADJECTIVE	 ADJECTIVE
	 ADVERB	 ADVERB
	 PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE	 PRE.P PHRASE
 khoâng nhöõng  maø coøn
 0r S + NOT ONLY + VERB + BUT ALSO ( BUT  AS WELL ) + VERB 
	Ex : Robert is not only talented but also handsome.
	Ex : Beth plays not only the guitar but also the violin.
	Ex : Joln not only plays the piano but also composes music.
	Ex : She is not only beatiful but also kind. She is not only beatiful but kind as well.
26. BECAUSE + CLAUSE ( SUBJECT + VERB )
 BECAUSE OF + ADJECTIVE + NOUN
Ex : He is absent because he is sick . He is absent because of his sickness.
Ex : Because it rained heavily, they didn’t go to work.
 Because of the heavy rain, they didn’t go to work.
27. NOUN	 NOUN	 
 S + V + ADJECTIVE	 + AS WELL AS + ADJECTIVE
	 ADVERB	 	 ADVERB
	 PREP. PHRASE	 PREP. PHRASE
 ( CUÕNG NHÖ )
 or SUBJECT + V + AS WELL AS + VERB
	Ex : Robert is talented as well as handsome.
	Ex : Paul Anka plays the piano as well as composes music.
28. Causative Form: Theå sai khieán	
GET
SOMEONE
TO - Infinitive
HAVE
V(bare infinitive)
	EX : He got Daisy to move this chair away.
	Ex : They had me go to the market to buy some food.
GET
SOMETHING
V ed / V3
BY SOMEONE
HAVE
	Ex : She got her car repaired by Peter.
	Ex : Why didn’t you have your house painted ?
 29. 	TOO + ADJ / ADV + TO – Infinitive
	Ex : He is too young to go to school. He is so young that he can’t go to school.
	Ex : You run too fast for me to keep pace with . You run so fast that I can’t keep pace with.
	ADJ / ADV + ENOUGH + TO – Infinitive 
	ENOUGH + NOUN + TO - Infinitive
	 Ex : He is not old enough to get married.
	Ex : I don’t have enough money to invite her to eat at a five - star restaurant.
 31. 	SO + ADJ + AS + TO – Infinitive
	Ex : He was so foolish as to leave his family.
	Ex : Would you be so good as to send my letter ?
.. *** 
LESSON 9
DEREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
( CAÙC MÖÙC ÑOÄ SO SAÙNH CUÛA TÍNH TÖØ VAØ TRAÏNG TÖØ )
I / EQUAL COMPARISON ( SO SAÙNH BAÈNG )
S + V + AS + ADJECTIVE + AS + NOUN ( PRONOUN )
	ADVERB
	Ex : Mai is as tall as Lan.
	Ex : This house is as expensive as that one.
	Ex : She studies as hard as I.
	Ex : They drive as carefully as we. 
* YÙ BAÈNG NHAU, NHÖ NHAU COÙ THỂ ÑÖÔÏC DIEÃN ÑAÏT CAÙCH KHAÙC:
S + V + THE SAME + ( NOUN ) + AS + NOUN ( PRONOUN )
	Ex : My house is as high as his. My house is the same height as his.
	Ex : Tom is as old as Mary. Tom and Mary are the same age.
II / UNQUAL COMPARISON ( SO SAÙNH KHOÂNG BAÈNG )
S + BE + NOT + AS + ADJECTIVE + AS + NOUN ( PRONOUN )
	NOT + V + SO	 ADVERB
	Ex : Mai is not as tall as Alice.
	Ex : We are not so intelligent as they.
	Ex : He didn’t work as carefully as they last year.
	Ex : I don’t speak English so fluently as you. 
III / SUPERIOR COMPARISONS ( SO SAÙNH HÔN ) 
A / SUPERIOR COMPARISON WITH SHORT ADJECTIVE AND ADERB 
	( SO SAÙNH HÔN VÔÙI TÍNH TÖØ NGAÉN VAØ TRAÏNG TÖØ NGAÉN ) 
 S1 + V + ADJECTIVE + ER + THAN + S2
 ADVERB
	Ex : Alice is taller than Daisy.
	Ex : She is better at cooking than I.
	Ex : They studied harder than we last school year.
	Ex : He is very lazy. He studies worse than we.
B / SUPERIOR COMPARISON WITH LONG ADJECTIVE AND ADERB 
	( SO SAÙNH HÔN VÔÙI TÍNH TÖØ DAØI VAØ TRAÏNG TÖ ØDAØI ) 
 S1 + V + MORE + ADJECTIVE + THAN + S2
 ADVERB
	Ex : She is more beautiful than I.
	Ex : They are more careful than we.
	Ex : They drive more dangerously than we.
B / INPERIOR COMPARISON WITH LONG ADJECTIVE AND ADERB 
	( SO SAÙNH KEÙM HÔN VÔÙI TÍNH TÖØ DAØI VAØ TRAÏNG TÖ ØDAØI ) 
 S1 + V + LESS + AJECTIVE + THAN + S2
 ADVERB
	Ex : He is less intelligent than Helen.
	Ex : They sing less beautifully than Dan Truong.
* Note: LESS IS NOT USED IN SUPERIOR COMPARISON WITH SHORT ADJECTIVE AND ADVERB
 ( LESS khoâng ñöôïc duøng trong so saùnh hôn vôùi tính töø ngắn vaø traïng töø ngắn )
	Ex : Incorrect : This house is less large than that one.
 	 Correct : This house is not as large as that one.
IV / DOUBLE COMPARATIVES ( SO SAÙNH KEÙP )
1. S + V + ADJ / ADV + ER + AND + ADJ / ADV + ER
 ( Moãi ngaøy moät, caøng ngaøy caøng, moãi luùc moät  ) 
	Ex : Betty is younger and younger.
	Ex : The river gets bigger and bigger.
2. S + V + MORE AND MORE + LONG ADJ / ADV
 ( Tính töø daøi, traïng töø daøi ) 
 ( Moãi ngaøy moät, caøng ngaøy caøng, moãi luùc moät  ) 	
	Ex : Her story was more and more attractive.
	Ex : She becomes more and more beautiful. 
	Ex : They drive more and more carefully.
3. S + V + LESS AND LESS + LONG ADJ OR SHORT ADJ 
	 ( Caøng ngaøy caøng ít, caøng ngaøy caøng keùm, moãi luùc moät ít ) 
	Ex : The storm is less and less violent.
	Ex : It is less and less cold.
	Ex : He is less and less studious.
THE + ADJ + ER + S + V , THE + ADJ + ER + S + V 
 ( Loái naøy aùp duïng cho tính töø ngaén )
 Caøng  ( thì ) caøng 
	Ex : The older he gets, the weaker he is.
	Ex : The wiser he is, the humble (khieâm nhöôøng) he is. 
5. THE MORE + ADJ + S + V , THE MORE + ADJ + S + V
 Caøng  ( thì ) caøng 
 Ex : The more beautiful she is, the more miserable her parents are.
 Ex : The more miserable he is, the more diligent ( sieâng naêng, caân maãn, caàn cuø ) he becomes.
6. THE ADJ + ER + S + V , THE MORE + S + V + ADJ
 Caøng  ( thì ) caøng 
	Ex : The heavier the coin is, the more it is worth.
7. THE MORE + S + V + THE + ADJ + ER + S + V
 Caøng  ( thì ) caøng 
	Ex : The more we get together, the happier we ill be.
	Ex : The more he worked, the richer he was.
8. THE MORE + S + V, THE + MORE + S + V
 Caøng  ( thì ) caøng 
	Ex : The more she knows him, the more she loves him.
	Ex : The more my sister hates him, the more he loves her.
9. THE LESS + ADJ + S + V , THE LESS + ADJ + S + V
 Caøng  ( thì ) caøng 
	EX : The less diligent the boy is, the less progress he will make. 	 ( Thaèng beù caøng ít sieâng naêng thí noù caøng ít tieán boä. )
V / SUPERLATIVES ( SO SAÙNH BAÄC NHAÁT )
10. SHORT ADJ / ADV + EST 
 S + V + THE + MOST + LONG ADJ / ADV + IN + N( ñeám ñöôïc soá ít) /
 LEAST + ADJ / ADV OF + Nø(ñeám ñöôïc soá nhieàu)
Ex : John is the tallest boy in the family.
Ex : Mary is the shortest of the three sister.
Ex : These shoes are the least expensive of all. 
* EXCEPTIONAL CASES ( Caùc tröôøng hôïp ngoaïi leä ) 
1. good/ well	better	the best
2. bad/ badly	worse	the worst
3. many much	more	the most
4. little	less	the least
5. far	farther	the farthest	( veà khoaûng caùch )
	further	the furthest	( veà thôøi gian )
6. near	nearer	the nearest	( veà khoaûng caùch )
	the next	( veà thöù töï )
7. late	later	the latest	( veà thôøi gian )
	the last 	( veà thöù töï )
8. old	older	the oldest	( veà tuoåi taùc )
	elder	the eldest ( veà caáp baäc hôn laø tuoåi taùc )
VI / SUMMARY (Toùm taét)
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
	( Caùc hình thöùc so saùnh hôn vaø so saùnh nhaát cuûa tính töø vaø traïng töø )
1. One-syllable adjectives and adverbs: The - Er and –Est forms are added.
	(Ñoái vôùi tính töø vaø traïng töø moät vaàn ta theâm Er vaø Est vaøo sau)
	old	older	the oldest
	wise	wiser	the wisest
	fast	faster	fastest
	hard	harder	the hardest
	happy	happier	the happiest
	busy	busier	the busiest
	hot	hotter	the hottest
	big	bigger	the biggest
	fat	fatter	the fattest
2. Two- syllable adjectives : for most two-syllable adjectives, more and most are used.
	( Tính töø hai vaàn : More and Most ñöôïc duøng )
	famous	more famous	the most famous
	pleasant	more pleasant	the most pleasant
* Some two – syllable adjectives use –Er/ - Est or More/ Most : able, angry, clever, common, cruel, friendly, gentle, handsome, narrow, pleasant, polite, quite, simple, sour.
	( Moät soá tính töø hai vaàn duøng : Er/ - Est hoaëc More/ Most nhö : able, clever, common , cruel 
friendly, gentle, handsome, narrow, pleasant, polite, quite, simple, sour.
	clever	cleverer	the cleverest
	more clever	the most clever
	gentle	gentler	the gentlest
	more gentle	the most gentle
	friendly	friendlier	the friendliest
	more friendly	the most friendly
3. Ajectives with three or more syllables : More and Most are used with long adjectives
	( Vôùi tính töø ba hoaëc nhieàu vaàn : More vaø Most ñöôïc duøng vôùi tính töø daøi )
	important	more important	the most important
	fascinating	more fascinating	the most fascinating
4. More and Most are used with adverbs the end–ly* .( More vaø Most ñöôïc duøng vôùi traïng töø coù taän cuøng ly*.
	carefully	more carefully	the most carefully
	slowly	more slowly	the most slowly 
5. Use More + Adjectives end with Suffixes : -ED, -FUL, -ING, -ISH, -OUS
( Duøng More + Adjectives taän cuøng baèng caùc tieáp vò ngöõ nhö : -ED, -FUL, -ING, -ISH, -OUS )
	more hated	 more useful	more boring	more continuous
	Circle the correct option
2. My brother has more / the most CDs in our family. 
3. Mydog’s got a lot more / the most energy than me!
4. Sylvia wears more / the most jewelery in the class.
5. All my friends spend more / the most money on clothes than me.
6. There are more / the most books on the floor than the bookshelves.
7. Who has more / the most brothers : Alice or Fatima.
8. Your team lost more / the most games than mine. 
9. Which person in your class watched more / the most TV programs last night?
10. Of the two brothers , Nam has more / the most.

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