Đề cương ôn tập tiếng Anh 9 - Học kỳ II

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP TIẾNG ANH 9-HỌC K Ỳ II
	UNIT6: THE ENVIRONMENT
 I. Vocab: environment(n):môi trường, deforestation (n): sự phá rừng, garbage dump (n): bãi rác, sewage(n): nước thải, (to be) disappointed (a): thất vọng, pollution (n): sự ô nhiễm, spoil(v) , sand( n ): cát, leaf (n): lá dissolve (v): tiêu hủy, polluted (a): bị ô nhiễm, harm (v): làm hại , energy (n) năng lượng , prevent (v): ngăn ngừa, ngăn chặn avoid (v): tránh, exhaust fume: khói thải, junk-yard(n): garbage dump, treasure (n) : kho tàng, kho báu, litter (v ): stream (n) :suối, cover (v) ; che phủ, foam (n) : bọt nước, nonsense (n) : ngớ ngẩn,vô lí complaint(v):phàn nàn, refreshment(n):sạch sẽ,thoáng mát, Smell(v):mùi, có mùi, Flies(n): ruồi, Float(v):trôi, nổi
prohibit(v):cấm, provide (v): cung cấp. 
	Grammar notes:
Adjectives and adverbs:
1.Adjectives: 
+ Chức năng :dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ hoặc đại từ
Ex : Lan is a naughty girl . She strange talk to her friends .
+ Vị trí: Đứng trước danh từ, đứng sau ( to be)
Ex: Mai is an excellent student . She is very good.
	2. Adverbs:
	a. Adverbs of frequency:
	[ always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, rarely ( sedom), never ]
	+Chức năng: diễn tả hành động theo thói quen hàng ngày, thường dùng ở thì hiện tại đơn
	Ex :We usually go to Da Lat in the summer.
	+ Vị trí : đứng trước động từ thường , đứng sau ( to be)
	Ex: You never believe me . You are always angry with me
	b. Adverbs of manner:
	[ Được cấu tạo từ một tính từ thêm đuôi “ LY”]
	+ Một sô tính từ thường dùng :
	Adjectives	Adverbs	Adjectives	Adverbs
	- beautiful	- beautifully	- happy	 - happily
	- difficult	- difficultly	- busy	- busily
	- slow	- slowly	 - noisy	- noisily
	- bad	- badly	- lucky	- luckily
	- interesting	- interestingly	- easy	- easily
	- sudden	- suddenly	- hungry	- hungrily
	- strange	- strangely	- hard	- hard
	- extreme	- extremely	- fast	- fast
	- wram	- warmly	- good	- well
	+ Chức năng: diễn tả mức độ hành động , bổ nghĩa cho động từ thường
	+ Vị trí : đứng sau động từ thường 
	Lan is a good student . She studies very well
Adverb clause of reasons:
+ Mệnh đề phó từ chỉ lý do là mệnh đề phụ để trả lời câu hỏi với ( Why?) , mệnh đề này thường bắt đầøu bằng các liên từ :
	[ As , because , since ] + S + Verb 
Ex : Lan didn’t go to class yesterday because she was very sick .
IV. Adjectives + that – clause : ( Tính từ đặt sau là một mệnh đề danh từ )
	S + BE + Adjective + that + S + Verb
Ex : I am happy that you won the first prize in English speaking contest 
V. Con ditional sentenses – Type 1
+ Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để diển tả 1 khả năng có thể xảy ra hoặc thành hiện thực ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai .
IF CLAUSE
MAIN CLAUSE
Hiện tại đơn
Hiện tại tiếp diển
Hiện tại hoàn thành
 can
+ S + will + Bare Infinitive
 may
Ex: 	If it is fine tomorrow , we will go for a picnic
	We may visit our old teacher if we have finished our work.
 You can go out if your father is sleeping .
	UNIT 7: SAVING ENERGY
Vocab: 
water bill(n): hóa đơn điện, reduce (v) : cắt giảm, enormous (a): khổng lồ, amount (n) : số lượng, plumber(n) : thợ chữa ống nước, make sure, dripping faucet : vòi rò nước, solar (a) : thuộc về mặt trời ( family word ) ß sun (n )
solar energy : năng lượng mặt trời, solar panel : tấm tiếp nhận năng lượng mặt trời, nuclear energy : năng lượng hạt nhân, total (a) : toàn bộ, coal (n) : than đá, install (v) : lắp đặt, heat (v) : làm nóng lên, power(n) energy, percent (n) : % , luxury (n) : xa xỉ phẩm, necessity (n) : nhu yếu phẩm, consumer (n) : a person who buys and uses goods : người tiêu dùng, account for (v) : chiếm, replace sth with sth : thay cái gì bằng cái gì 
 e.g: I replaced a broken window with a new one. last (v) : kéo dài 
scheme for (n) : kế hoạch cho, efficiency (n) : sự tiết kiệm năng lượng 
	II. Grammar notes:
Connectives : ( Từ nối câu)
Coordinating conjunctions ( liên từ kết hơpï)
+ AND	: nối thêm ý vào mệïnh đề trước nó 
+ BUT 	: đưa ra một ý tương phản với mệnh đề trước nó
+ FOR	 : đưa ra một lý do giải thích cho hành động ở mệnh đềø trước
+ OR 	: nói lên sự lựa chọn
+ SO	: đề cập đến kết quả của hành động ở mệnh đề trước 
	Ex: - Lan is sick 	 and she can not go to school
	but she can go to school
	for she was in the rain all day 
	or she is not fine today.
	so she has to stay in bed .
Transition words: ( Từ chuyển ý) – dùng để nối 2 ý liên quan lại với nhau
+ Moreover - Furthermore ( hơn nữa) Dùng để thêm thông tin cho ý thứ nhất
Ex: This bike is very beautiful , moreover , it wasn’t expensive.
+ However - Nevertheless : ( mặc dù , tuy vậy ) dùng để diễn tả ý ngược với ý thứ nhất.
Ex: The weather is very beautiful today ; however , I don’t like to go for a picnic.
+ Therefore – Thus : ( do vậy) nói lên kết quả của ý thứ nhất
Ex: the weather was too bad ; therefore, we decided not to go for a picnic
Phrasal verbs ( Động từ ghép) là động từ với một giới từ 
Một số động từ ghép thường dùng :
[ look at : nhìn vào ; look for : đi tìm ; look after : trông coi , chăm sóc ; look up : tra cứu ; 
Turn on : mở ; turn off: tắt ; turn up ; turn down ; put on : đặt vào ; put off :dời đi ]
Making Suggestion: ( Cách nói câu đề nghị )
a. S + Suggest + V-ing
	Ex: I suggest going to the restaurant .
b. S Suggest + that + S + should + V ( Infinitive)
	Ex: I suggest that we should go to the restaurant .
c. Why don’t we + V ( infinitive) ?
	Ex: Why don’t we go to the restaurant ?
d. Shall we / Let’s + V ( Infinitive )
	Ex: Shall we go to the restaurant ? + = Let’s go to the restaurant.
e. What about / How about + V- ing ?
	Ex : What about going to the restaurant ? = How about going to the restaurant ?
	UNIT 8: CELEBRATIONS 
Vocab:
occur (v) : happen : diễn ra, decorate ( v ) : trang trí 
e.g.: My father asks me to decorate the living-room before Tet holidays every year.
Passover (n): lễ quá Hải, freedom (n) : sự tự do, slavery ( n) : sự nô lệ, Jewish (n) :người Do Thái, ancient (v) : cổ xưa, parade(n) : đám diễu hành, active (a) : năng động, activist (n) : người hoạt động, nominate= vote (v): bầu cử, 
charity (n) : lòng từ thiện, describe (v) : diễn tả, hug(n) : nụ hôn, considerate (a): ân cần, generous(a): rộng lượng, priority(n) : sự ưu tiên, sense of humor : khiếu hài hước , distinguish (v): phân biệt(translation), terrific (a) : wonderful ( synonym ), lose heart ( idiom ) : become discouraged : mất niềm tin, enhance (v): tôn vinh 
support (n) : ủng hộ, nationwide(adv ) :toàn quốc Compose (v) Soạn, Satisfy (v) Làm vừ lòng, Jumper (n) người nhảy 
	II. Grammar notes:
Relative clause : ( Mệnh đề quan hệ)
 Relative Clauses ( Mệnh đề quan hệ) (Unit 8 and 9)
	@ Mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề như thế nào ?
	@ Em đã học những loại mệnh đề quan hệ nào và cách dùng của chúng là gì ?
	@ Relative pronouns ( Các đại từ quan hệ ) : 
 - Who ( người mà, mà) : chỉ người và làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
- Which (vật,việc,sự kiện):chỉ vật,việc,sự kiện và làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
	 - That ( mà) : chỉ người, vật, việc, sự kiện và làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
	 - Whose ( mà ...của) : diễn tả mối quan hệ sở hữu giữa danh từ đứng ngay trước và ngay sau nó.
 a) Defining Relative Clause ( mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định)
	Ex : Lan is the girl who/that is standing next to the window.
	N	 S V	_____________
Relative clause
	 The girl (who/ whom) Tom is drawing is Lan. 
	 N ____O S V__
	 	Relative clause
 The book which/that you lent me is very good.
	 This is the temple (which/that) we saw on TV last night.
	 The mothers whose children passed the exam feel so happy.
	@ Note : Ta có thể lược bỏ các đại từ quan hệ đi khi chúng làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
 b) Non - defining Relative Clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định)
	Ex : My monitor, who often appears in the charity show on TV , studies very well.
	 This is my village, which I told you about.
	@ Note : không dùng “that” trong mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định.
	2. Adverb clause of concession: ( Mệnh đề phó từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ )
	[ Although – Though – Even though : mặc dù , dù ]
	Ex : Although he is very foor , he is honest man . 
	UNIT 9: 
 I. Vocab:
Turn up (v) Vặn to, Thunderstorm (n) Bão có sấm sét và mưa to, Delta (n) Châu thổ, Just in case : Phòng khi
 forecast(v): Dự báo, Trust (v) = rely on, Expect (v): Chờ đợi, Highland(n): Cao nguyên, bucket (n) ;xô rope (n) sợi dây thừng, Candle (n): nến, Tie (v) cột, Latch (n) chốt cửa, Blanket (n) mền, chăn, Available (adj) có giá trị, Damage (v) = Spoil, Block (v) : chặn, khóa, Roller (n): Con lăn, doorway :lối vào, corner : góc, eruption (n): Sự phun trào.Tidal wave: sóng thần, abrupt:, shift (n): sự chuyển dịch warn: cảnh báo, suck – up: Tornado: Lốc xoáy,- Behave ( v)cư sử, ứng sử, Shelter (n) + a place of safety, All of sudden = Suddenly,
Grammar notes:
Relative clause : ( Mệnh đề quan hệ) (Cont)
	UNIT 10: LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS
Vocab:
Spacecraft (n): tàu vũ trụ, Meteor (n): Sao băng, Evidience (n) Alien (n): người xa lạ, người ngoài hành tinh Capture (v); Claim (v) -microorganism (n), Gemstone (n); kim cương, Sparkling (adj) lấp lánh
Creature (n): vi sinh vật , Trace (n); dấu vết, Mineral (n) khoáng chất.
Imagination (n)
 Trick = a cunning action
Mysterious (adj)
Flying saucer = UFO
	II. Grammar notes:
Conditional sentences – Type 2 
If clause
Main clause
S + Past subjunctive ( quá khứ giả định)
 could
S + would + V (bare infinitive)
 might
Ex: - If I were rich , I would buy a big house 
	 - If I went to Ha Noi , I could visit Ho Chi Minh ‘s Mausoleum
 * MAY/ MIGHT: Dùng để diễn tả hành độïng có thể xảy ra trong tương lai
Form: S + may/ might + V inf (I’m not sure where I spend on Tet holidays,but I may stay in Da Lat).
* Dùng “may /might” diễn tả sự xin phép (permission) ở hiện tại cũng như ở tương lai.
Form: May / Might + Vinf	Ex: May I go out now, sir?
* Dùng “may” để khởi đầu câu chúc 	Ex: May you live long long life!
* Ta cũng có thể dùng “ may as well”, “might as well” + Vinf (cũng nên, cũng có ý định)
Ex: I may as well join in the army with my old classmates.
EXERCISE:
A Trắc nghiệm.
I Circle the correect answers A,B,Cor D to complete each of the following senteces :
	1. I suggest _________ up the beach.
	A. to clean	B. clean	C. cleaning	D. cleaned
	2. Where _________ you go if you have acar ?
	A. will	b. would	C. did	D. do
	3. We feel very _________ today.
	A. excited	B. exciting	C. excite	D. to excite
	4. Where are the photos _________ were taken at the Christmas party ?
	A. whom	B. which	C. who	D. whose
	5. We are saving money _________ we want to buy a new car.
	A. so	B.and	C. because	D. but
 ... ...
They have repaired this office since May.
...................................................................................................
The police will find out the missing child.
...................................................................................................
Did your father build that house ?
...................................................................................................
What should we do now ?
...................................................................................................
They will repair this road next year.
...................................................................................................
We must prepare our lesson well before going to school.
...................................................................................................
Vietnamese women often prefer to wear modern clothing at work
...................................................................................................
They are going to build a new bridge in the area.
...................................................................................................
People should stop experiments on animals.
...................................................................................................
They made jean cloth completely from cotton in the 18th century.
...........................................................................................
II. Complete the correct form of thes verbs 
1.I ..................(have) these cards since my birthday.
2.The last time I ...............(go) to Bristain was in August
3.Look! It................(Snow) outside.
4.Your drees .................(look) very nice.
1.I ......... (have) these cards since my birthday.
2.The last time I ........(go) to Bristain was in August
3.Look! It...................... (Snow) outside.
4.Your drees .......................(look) very nice.
5. Nam suggested ( take ) .showers instead of baths to save water
6. .If Ba ( come ). here tomorrow, I will phone you
7.Nga’s house ( build ) in 1995
8. They ( live ) in that house for several months
9.He ( live ) in Da Lat since 1995
10. He is too busy ( take ).	care of her.
11.The excited children were looking forward to ( speak ).with the foreign teacher
12. 13. Minh begins ( play ) ..kite with his friends .
14. Tuan ( buy ). this novel when he ( visit ) ..Hue last month.
15. Tung ( not / do ) his home work last night.
16.I (do) ..an exercise on the present tenses at this moment 
17.My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market.
18Daisy (cook) .some food in the kitchen at present. 
19.When I (arrive). at his house, he still (sleep).
22.Bill (have) breakfast when I (stop) ..at his house this morning.
23.As we (cross) the street, we (see). an accident.
24.Tom (see) a serious accident while he ..(stand) at the bus stop.
25.While my father (read).. a newspaper, I (learn) .my lesson 
27.They (do) nothing since they (get). up.
28.– How long .you (live). in this town? 
29.Why don’t we ( go) .to the Revolutionary Museum?
30.How about ( go) .to Ben Thanh market this afternoon .
 31.let’s ( go) to the Revolutionary Museum now?
32.I suggest ( get) something to eat first .
33.I suggest that you ( have ) .dinner
34 .If Ba ( come ). here , I would phone you.
IV. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form.
If we ( not water) .. these flowers regularly, they will die.
They ( not see) .. each other since they left school.
Why don’t we ( put ) . the garbage bins around the school yard to keep it clean.
I suggest ( go ) .. to school by bus every day.
We (go) .to school late due to the traffic jam yesterday.
I think we should ( buy) . some canned food before a typhoon.
Although she never (trust) the weather forecast, she only likes watching them.
Many people around the world say they ( see) .. flying saucers.
If I (be)  you, I would stay at home.
If Ba were rich, he ( traval)  around the world.
. you ever (see) . UFOs ?.
The most dangerous earthquake in Japan ( occur)  in 1923.
Most of our electicity now ( come) .. from coal, mine and gas.
We can ( save )  natural resources by using solar energy.
I ( learn) . English for four years.
What ( be) .. the purpose of the labeling scheme.
Every year, Jewish people ( celebrate) . freedom from slavery on the Passover.
In 1971, two men ( claim)  they were captured by aliansand taken aboard a spacecrft.
We ( have) . a picnic in the mountain with some of my friends next week.
On Easter day, young children ( receive )  chocolate or sugar eggs – as long as they are good.
III. Điền một giới từ thích hợp cho các câu sau
1. I'm looking forward _________hearing from you.
2. We were interested _________ the program on T.V last night.
3. She prefers walking _________swimming.
4. I look _________my lost key everywhere but I can’t find it.
IV. Hoàn thành mẫu câu sau: AND, BUT, SO, BECAUSE.
1. I like Mary very much, ................. I don’t like her brother.
2. I can’t go out tonight .................. I haven’t enough money.
3. She went to the theatre last night,................ she had a wonderful time.
4. I enjoy learning English ,............... I enjoy learning Marth,too.
V. Rewrite the following sentence
 1.Many tourists enjoy festivals in in VietNam. Tourists don’t understand Vietnamese culture very much
Though
2.I bought a new computer. It cost me a lot of money.(which)
.. .
3.I think it would be a good idea to take the train.
I suggest. .
4.I know some people. They live in London.(who)
.............................................................................................................
5 Ann is very friendly . She lives next door.(Using: who)
...
6. The postcard was from Harry. It came this morning. (Using: which)
.
7.It was a beautiful day. We decided to go out.(Using: so)
8. Shall we go to the cinema tonight ? (begin with: What about.)
..
9. I lose the key , so I can not get into the house. (begin with: If..)
10. It’s going to rain, so we can’t go camping.
 If................................................................................
11. I think it would be a good idea to take the train.
 I suggest .............................................
12. I lost my bike .I bought it 2 years ago.	(which)
..........................................................
13. I know the man. He lives in your neighborhood. (who)
 ..........................................................................
14. Nam always gets bad marks. He is very lazy. (so)
...................................................................................
15.I think it would be a good idea to spend the summer vacation in Da Lat
I suggest..........................................................................................................
16.Her book is widely read. It is well –written ( relative pronoun)
17. Study harder or you’ll fail in the next exam.
If you don’t
18. Why don’t you go to the dentist , Tom ?
Mary suggested Tom 
19. It started to rain ,so we stopped playing tennis.
We stopped playing..
20. The flowers are beautiful .You brought them.
The flowers which.
21."I am going to Hanoi tomorrow", he said. 
 He said that .............................................
22 I said to Mrs. Hoa, "What sports do you often play?"
 I asked Mrs. Hoa .........................................................
23. "Is there a TV in the bedroom?", I asked the landlady.
 I asked the landlady ....................................................... 
VI. Rewrite the following sentences as directed in parentheses:
We don’t know much about tennis rules. We like to play ( however )
..
Smoking is not good for our health. Many people like them ( even though )
.
We always love our former teacher. She is very kind ( using relative pronoun )
..
My best friend gave me a lovely cat ( change into passive voice )
He loves humorous stories. He doesn’t like ghost stories ( but )
 6. Tom is one of my closest friends. He is very intelligent. (which)
 7.she didn’t eat much . She was hungry.(although)
 8..Let’s go to the movie theater. (I suggest )
 9..I don’t understand you . You speak very quickly.(if )
10.Lan is my classmate. She lives near my grandparent’s house. (using a relative pronoun)
.
11.It rained heavily. My father went to work on time (using “although”)
12.We don’t have enough money, so we can’t buy that house. (If)
.
13.The trousers are too small for me . I bought them yesterday.
(combine into one sentence, using a relative pronoun)
14.We hadn’t seen Lisa for a long time so we didn’t recognize her. (using “because”)
 15 She isn't English. She speaks English perfectly.(Combine into one sentence using Although)
 ----------------------------------------------------------
 16. The boy is Jane's brother. He sat beside you at the party last night.( using relative pronoun )
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 17.We don't have enough money to go on holiday.
 If we --------------------------------------------------------------------
 18.we / would / the flight / afraid / were / you / miss / that.(Write sentence in the correct order)
 19. Let 's go abroad for our holiday this year.
 Why ---------------------------------------------------?
VII/ With the cues given, write a complaint letter.
1. I am/ write/ some people / who catch fish/ in/ public lakes//
2. What/ make/ me / worried / be / that / they / using / dynamite to catch fish //
3. This / kill / only / fish / also / other water creatures //
4. I would suggest / you/fine/them/heavily//
5. I/look/to/see/your solution//
 VIII. Put in the correct prepositions:
Have you ever heard ____ UFOs ?
Some people bevieve that UFO is a spacecraft _________ another planet.
Lang Son is _______ Ky Cung river
Hurricane Andrew swept ________ southern Florida _______ August 1992.
I think we should put different kind ______ waste _________ different places .
If we go no wasting water , there will be a shortage ________ fresh water _______ a few decades .
This label tells the consumer how much ebergy efficiency each modelhas, compared ________ other of liances ________ the same category.
It’s possible to store solar energy _______ a number _______ days .
I’m looking forward _______ hearing from you.
We were excited _________ the program on TV last night.
We prefer walking __________ swimming.
I look ___________ my lost key everywhere but I can’t find it.
Lan is waiting ______ me ______ the bus station.
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